Nama Calon:

Tingkatan:

PENILAIAN PERCUBAAN STPM 2014

PENGGAL 1

942/1
GEOGRAFI KERTAS 1
(2 jam)
SIJIL TINGGI PERSEKOLAHAN MALAYSIA (STPM BAHARU)
(MALAYSIA HIGHER SCHOOL CERTIFICATE)
Arahan kepada calon
JANGAN BUKA KERTAS SOALAN INI SEHINGGA ANDA DIBENARKAN BERBUAT
DEMIKIAN.

Jawab EMPAT soalan

Bahagian A : Jawab soalan 1 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan
2 atau soalan 3
Bahagian B : Jawab soalan 4 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan
5 atau soalan 6
Jawapan untuk soalan 1 bagi Bahagian A dan soalan 4 bagi
Bahagian B hendaklah ditulis dalam ruang yang disediakan dalam
kertas soalan ini.
Untuk menjawab sama ada soalan 2 atau soalan 3 bagi Bahagian A
dan soalan 5 atau soalan 6 bagi Bahagian B, anda dikehendaki
menggunakan kertas tulis jawapan yang dibekalkan. Mulakan setiap
jawapan pada helaian kertas yang baru dan susun jawapan anda
mengikut tertib berangka. Ikat helaian jawapan anda bersama-sama
dengan kertas soalan ini.

UNTUK KEGUNAAN
PEMERIKSA
Bahagian A
Soalan 1
Soalan 2
Soalan 3
Bahagian B
Soalan 4
Soalan 5
Soalan 6
JUMLAH

Semua penghitungan hendaklah diserahkan bersama dengan jawapan

anda.
Markah untuk tiap-tiap soalan diberikan dalam tanda kurung [

].

______________________________________________________________________________
Kertas soalan ini terdiri daripada 6 halaman bercetak
STPM BAHARU ( 942/1 )

GEOGRAFI 1 (PENGGAL 1)

BAHAGIAN A: ALAM SEKITAR FIZIKAL

[40 markah]

Jawab semua soalan 1 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan 2 atau soalan 3.
Soalan 1:
a)

Bezakan ciri fizikal batuan igneus dengan enapan

.i.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
ii.
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. ........................... [ 4 ]

b) Bagaimanakah batuan igneus dan enapan terbentuk?

.i.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.ii.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................. [ 4 ]

c)

Bagaimanakah batuan metamorfosis terjadi?

.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................ [ 3 ]
d)

Jelaskan kepentingan batuan enapan kepada aktiviti manusia.

.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................................. [ 4 ]
Jawab samada soalan 2 atau soalan 3.

Soalan 2
(a) Sejauhmanakah faktor hujan mempengaruhi kadar hakisan permukaan tanih. [15]
(b) Cadangkan langkah yang boleh diambil bagi mengurangkan kadar hakisan permukaan tanih.
[10]
Soalan 3
a) Sejauhmanakah faktor geologi mempengaruhi kadar hakisan ombak di pinggir pantai.
[15 ]
b) Cadangkan langkah yang boleh diambil untuk mengurangkan kesan hakisan di zon pinggir
pantai.
[ 10 ]

BAHAGIAN B: ALAM SEKITAR MANUSIA

[40 markah]

Jawab soalan 4 dan satu soalan lain sama ada soalan 5 atau soalan 6.
Soalan 4:
a)
Kenalpasti tiga aliran migrasi dalaman yang berlaku di Malaysia semenjak tahun 1970an
hingga kini:
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................[3]

b)

Perihalkan ciri komposisi aliran migran bekerja di Malaysia

.i.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
ii.
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................................................[4]

d)

Mengapakah bandar-bandar besar di Malaysia menjadi destinasi utama migran dari desa?

.i.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.ii.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................[4]

e)
Migrasi dari desa ke bandar telah memberikan impak negatif kepada kawasan desa.
Jelaskan pernyataan ini dalam konteks Malaysia
.i.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
ii.
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................[4]

Jawab samada soalan 5 atau soalan 6.

Soalan 5
a) Jelaskan kesan kemerosotan daya tampung sumber alam terhadap alam sekitar manusia di sesebuah
kawasan.
[12]
b) Bagaimanakah keseimbangan daya tampung sumber alam dengan aras penduduk boleh dicapai?

[ 13]
Soalan 6
Jadual 1 di bawah menunjukkan jumlah penduduk bandar mengikut negeri-negeri di Malaysia pada tahun
2000 dan 2010.

Selangor
Johor

Penduduk Bandar
Tahun 2000
3,483,765
1,638,772

Penduduk Bandar
Tahun 2010
6,389,851
3,089,056

Sabah

1,182,890

2,191,048

Perak

1,207,948

1,507,422

Kuala Lumpur
Sarawak

1,297,526
963,232

1,775,337
1,443,637

Pulau Pinang

974,779

1,235,545

Kedah

608,696

999,021

Kelantan
Pahang

451,861
518,176

797,001
793,950

Negeri Sembilan

456,535

706,857

Terengganu

434,273

697,451

Melaka
Perlis

405,917
67,084

607,266
87,256

Labuan

54,162

82,881

Negeri

a)
Berdasarkan jadual 1, hitung peratus perubahan penduduk bandar bagi setiap negeri di
Malaysia antara tahun 2000 hingga 2010.
[5 ]
b)
Kenalpasti negeri yang mengalami peratus perubahan penduduk bandar yang paling
tinggi dan jelaskan mengapa ia berlaku ?
[7 ]
c) Pertumbuhan penduduk bandar yang pesat telah menyebabkan kesan negatif terhadap alam
sekitar manusia di bandar. Sejauhmanakah pernyataan ini benar.
[13 ]