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ABSTRACT
The failure of centralization strategy done by Orde Baru regime has born demand from
local government to have more authority and role for local development. Finally, The
demand result the law of Local Autonomy in Indonesia, which are UU No. 22 and 25
/1999 and renewed to UU No. 32 and 33 /2004. Base on the law, local government has
broader authority to arrange and manages his own business as according to local potency
and resource. Implication of local autonomy and fiscal decentralization in Indonesia at
least showed in four aspects following; Firstly, Budgeting transfers from government to
local has increased significantly. Second, amount of local government has increased,
because of new local government appearance. Third, Local economics performance tends
to increase, and happened degradation of poorness number nationally, even level of
inequality increasingly wide, because rich area can reduce level of quicker poorness
compared to poor areas. Fourth, decentralization has improved public service performance
however performance of new local government still below mains area.
Gambar 1.
Otonomi daerah Dalam Kerangka NKRI
PUSAT
Daerah Otonom
S, K, P S, P S, P
P P
Gambar 2
Perkembangan Dana Perimbangan Tahun 2001 – 2008
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
179.5
DAU
150.0 4.0 164.8
145.7 DBH
2.8
2.7
100.0 0.0 88.8
0.0 82.1
77.0
69.2
50.0 60.3
64.9 78.4
50.5 62.9
25.5 31.4 37.9
20.7
0.0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Tabel 1.
Pendapatan Pemerintah Daerah (%)
Tahun
Daerah
1999/2000 2000 2001 2006
Provinsi 100 100 100 100
PAD 37.22 32.3 32.32 54.48
Dana Bagi Hasil 18.66 15.94 25.89 23.8
DAU/DAK 44.12 51.76 41.88 20.33
Penerimaan Dari Pemerintah 1.39
1999/2000 2000 2001 2006
Kabupaten/Kota 100 100 100 100
PAD 10.31 9.04 4.99 6.8
Dana Bagi Hasil 12.39 11.31 22.43 12.42
DAU/DAK 77.3 79.65 72.58 76.1
Penerimaan Dari Pemerintah 4.68
Sumber ; Kuncoro, 2009
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Propinsi 27 26 30 30 31 31 33 33 33 33 33
Kabupaten 249 268 268 268 302 349 349 349 349 370 387
Kota 65 73 73 85 89 91 91 91 91 95 96
50
Juta / persen
40
30
20
10
0
1996 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Jumlah 34.1 49.5 48 38.7 37.9 38.4 37.3 36.1 35.1 39.3 37.2 35
Persen 17.5 24.2 19.1 18.4 18.2 17.4 17.4 16.7 16 17.8 16.6 15.4